Back
in the dark ages of radio broadcasting there was a code of conduct that was
considered gospel for all who worked in the industry. It was incorporated into the Radio Act of
1927 and became the operational standard for all broadcast licensees. It was very simple, very straight forward; “To operate in the best public
interest, convenience and necessity of the community.”
This
requirement not only guided regulations surrounding technical standards but
program and licensing requirements as well.
It was implemented to act as a safeguard against greed and selfish
motivations from infecting the industry.
It worked beautifully from its inception until deregulation in the
1980’s and when squeamish Supreme Court rulings destroyed its effectiveness as
a golden rule.
Over
that fifty-year period there were endless examples of broadcasters sacrificing
to serve “in the best public
interest, convenience and necessity of the community.” The effort that
best exemplified that commitment could be found in tiny Shenandoah, Iowa.
Henry Field – KFNF Radio |
In
the 192o’s two extraordinary radio pioneers owned and operated radio stations
in Shenandoah.
In 1924 Henry Field founded KFNF operating on the top of his seed
house business. In 1925 seed salesman
Earl May put KMA on the air. Both
started their radio stations to increase the sales of their seed products.
The
fierce completion brought out the very best in them. They were decades ahead of their time in
establishing radio as a very personal medium for the listener. Such an approach to programing didn’t become
predominate until the end of the golden age of radio. It went from a very structured format of one
radio program after another (like contemporary television) to personality
radio. Field and May could talk for
hours telling tales about family and friends, sharing anecdotal stories of
interest to the farming community and providing a steady source of information
and ideas on how to increase farm profits.
While
they were at it, they established the format for a morning show that is still employed
to this day. It included news, weather,
farm reports and other key pieces of information that became crucially
important to the listener.
They
also used their stations to create wildly popular community gatherings and
events. Today almost all radio stations
have a promotional department whose sole function is do exactly what Field and
May were doing.
All
these efforts attracted listeners throughout the Mid-West and drew thousands of visitors to tiny Shenandoah for years. All
definitely serving “the best public interest, convenience and necessity of the community.” Yet the most
prolific example of commitment to this operational standard did not occur until
the 1930’s.
At
the depths of the depression, Earl May took to the air with an offer the
farmers couldn’t refuse. He pointed out
that he had the seed the farmers needed but couldn’t buy. May said he was confident that the banks
would reopen. He told the farmers to go
ahead and pick up their seed. He said he
would accept all checks and hold those checks until the banks reopened. He received $50,000 in orders…more than
enough to bankrupt his company.
When
the banks reopened 98% of the money was paid.
Deregulation
from the Carter Administration through the Obama administration has yet to
demonstrate it has served “the best public interest,
convenience and necessity of the community.”
It has
demonstrated that it indeed serves the best interest of big money
concerns. No better evidence exists than
the reality that no broadcast entity today would ever risk what May risked in
the service of “the best public interest,
convenience and necessity of the community.”
Today most radio stations are owned by large corporate concerns whose apparent mission statement is to the secure the largest profits possible through devoting more air time to commercials than anything else, using technology to substantially reduce employees, and turning this marvelous medium into a jukebox.
Today most radio stations are owned by large corporate concerns whose apparent mission statement is to the secure the largest profits possible through devoting more air time to commercials than anything else, using technology to substantially reduce employees, and turning this marvelous medium into a jukebox.
But
rather than lamenting the loss of personality radio and a code of conduct
clearly designed to serve the best public interest, it may be wise for us to
simply focus on gratitude for the fifty years of greatness that once was
radio. It will diminish the tears.